• • FETs JFETs, JUGFETs, and IGFETS
• • The JFET.
• • Diffusion JFET Construction.
• • Planar JFET Construction.
• • JFET Circuit Symbols.
• • Operation Below Pinch Off.
• • Operation Above Pinch Off.
• • JFET Output Characteristic.
• • JFET Transfer Characteristic.
• • JFET Video.
• • The IGFET (Insulated Gate FET).
• • MOSFET(IGFET) Construction.
• • MOSFET(IGFET) Operation.
• • MOSFET (IGFET) Circuit Symbols.
• • Handling Precautions for MOSFETS
• • Depletion Mode MOSFET Operation.
• • MOSFE (IGFET) Circuit Symbols.
• • Applications of MOSFETS
• • High Power MOSFETS
• • MOSFET Calculations.
• Choosing a MOSFET.
• • Design and Build typical Mosfet Switch Circuits.
• • Check your understanding of Field Effect Transistors.

Based on its construction FET’s are classified as (1) Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) These JFET’s working is based on the channels formed between the terminals. The channel can be of either n-type or the p-type. A Field Effect Transistor (FET) is a three-terminal semiconductor device. Its operation is based on a controlled input voltage. By appearance JFET and bipolar transistors are very similar. However, BJT is a current controlled device and JFET is controlled by input voltage. FET (Field-Effect Transistor) Basics. Field-Effect Transistors (FETs) are unipolar devices, and have two big advantages over bipolar transistors: one is that they have a near-infinite input resistance and thus offer near-infinite current and power gain; the other is that their switching action is not marred by charge-storage problems, and they thus outperform most bipolars in terms of digital. P-type S Oxide L v DS v GS1 v DS i D Channel inversion charge p-type S Oxide i D v DS v GS1 v DS (sat) (sat) i D Channel inversion charge p-type S Oxide i D v GS1 v DS v DS (sat) v DS (sat) i D Channel inversion charge Saturation region p-type S E-field (a) (b) (c) (d) ˙' ˇ˘-% ˘ ˘˙ ˝ ˝ ˘ ˘ ˘˘ ˘˘˚˘ ˚ ˙ '# ˘!

Learn Field-Effect Transistors (DC Analysis) equations and know the formulas for Field-Effect Transistor (FET) configurations such as Fixed-Bias, Self-Bias and Voltage-Divider Bias Configuration.

Field Effect Transistors

Although there are lots of confusing names for field effect transistors (FETs) there are basically two main types:

Two Major Types Of Field Effect Transistor

1. The reverse biased PN junction types, the JFET or Junction FET, (also called the JUGFET or Junction Unipolar Gate FET).

2. The insulated gate FET devices (IGFET).

Field Effect Transistor Wiki

All FETs can be called UNIPOLAR devices because the charge carriers that carry the current through the device are all of the same type i.e. either holes or electrons, but not both. This distinguishes FETs from the bipolar devices in which both holes and electrons are responsible for current flow in any one device.

The JFET

This was the earliest FET device available. It is a voltage-controlled device in which current flows from the SOURCE terminal (equivalent to the emitter in a bipolar transistor) to the DRAIN (equivalent to the collector). A voltage applied between the source terminal and a GATE terminal (equivalent to the base) is used to control the source - drain current. The main difference between a JFET and a bipolar transistor is that in a JFET no gate current flows, the current through the device is controlled by an electric field, hence 'Field effect transistor'. The JFET construction and circuit symbols are shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3.

JFET Construction

The construction of JFETs can be theoretically quite simple, but in reality difficult, requiring very pure materials and clean room techniques. JFETs are made in different forms, some being made as discrete (single) components and others, using planar technology as integrated circuits.

Fig. 4.1.1 shows the (theoretically) simplest form of construction for a Junction FET (JFET) using diffusion techniques. It uses a small slab of N type semiconductor into which are infused two P type areas to form the Gate. Current in the form of electrons flows through the device from source to drain along the N type silicon channel. As only one type of charge carrier (electrons) carry current in N channel JFETs, these transistors are also called 'Unipolar' devices.

Fig. 4.1.2 shows the cross section of a N channel planar Junction FET (JFET) The load current flows through the device from source to drain along a channel made of N type silicon. In the planar device the second part of the gate is formed by the P type substrate.

JFET Circuit Symbols

P channel JFETs are also available and the principle of operation is the same as the N channel type described here, but polarities of the voltages are of course reversed, and the charge carriers are holes.

Notice in the JFET circuit symbols shown in Fig. 4.1.3 that the arrowhead on the gate connection always points towards the negative connection, indicating the polarity (either P or N channel) of the channel.